Ammonium Hydroxide, with the chemical formula NH₄OH, is also known as ammonia water. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent odor. Ammonium Hydroxide is a weak base formed by dissolving ammonia gas in water. In aqueous solution, it partially dissociates into ammonium ions and hydroxide ions . It is a common chemical reagent used in various industries and laboratories due to its alkaline properties.

Uses

In the Chemical Industry

It is used in the production of various ammonium salts, such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate. These salts are widely used in fertilizers, explosives, and as chemical intermediates.

Ammonium Hydroxide is employed in the synthesis of organic compounds, for example, in the production of amines and amides.

In the Cleaning Industry

It is a common ingredient in household and industrial cleaners. It can effectively remove grease, dirt, and stains due to its alkaline nature, and is often used in window cleaners, floor cleaners, and oven cleaners.

In the Metalworking Industry

It is used for metal surface treatment. It can be used to remove rust and oxides from metal surfaces and as a pickling agent in some processes. It can also be used in electroplating to adjust the pH of the plating bath.

In the Textile Industry

It is used in textile processing for tasks like scouring and bleaching. It helps to remove natural impurities and oils from fibers and can also be used to adjust the pH during dyeing processes to improve color uptake and fastness.

In the Pharmaceutical Industry

It is used in the production of some drugs and as a reagent in pharmaceutical laboratories for various chemical reactions. It can also be used in the purification and isolation of certain pharmaceutical compounds.

In the Food Industry

In a diluted and regulated form, it is used in the food industry. For example, it can be used as a pH adjuster in some food products and in the production of certain cheeses and baked goods.