Copper nitrate, with the chemical formula Cu(NO3)2, is an inorganic compound that is a blue, crystalline solid at room temperature. It has widespread applications across a variety of industries due to its unique properties.

Copper nitrate can be obtained in two forms viz as a hexahydrate and as a trihydrate. Copper Dinitrate is widely used in the production of medicines, in chemical analysis, as an insecticide, and in the making of light-sensitive papers. On burning this compound it produces toxic oxides of nitrogen.

• Properties

Chemical formula : Cu(NO3)2

Appearance: Blue crystalline solid

Boiling point: 170 °C (338 °F; 443 K) at 100 mmHg (decomposes)

Molecular weight : 187.5558 g/mol (anhydrous)

Density : 3.05 g/cm3 (anhydrous)

Melting point : 256 °C (anhydrous)

• Applications

Copper nitrate’s applications are diverse, reflecting its varied properties. It is used extensively in the following areas:

Textile and Dyes Industry: It serves as an effective mordant in dyeing processes, enhancing the color and durability of dyes on fabric. It is also used in the production of other copper compounds.

Petrochemical Industry: Copper nitrate is utilized as a catalyst for several important reactions, including the trans-esterification of fatty acids, a critical step in biofuel production.

Ceramic Industry: It acts as a flux, facilitating the melting of raw materials, and a colorant, lending a green or blue color to ceramics and glasses.